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    Grazing in Practice

Ensure appropriate Transition to Fodderbeet Grazing

Transition is the process of introducing fodderbeet as a feed to animals.

Ruminant animals, especially cattle, will likely suffer from critical acidosis if the transition process is not managed well. At the least the animals will be ill and in the worst-case animals will die.

There is very good understanding how transition should be managed to minimise the risk of acidosis.

This process is most critical for cattle. Sheep are not prone to suffering from acidosis. Once the animals have been fully transitioned they will not get acidosis.

The following information is only a guide and we recommend you contact your KWS representative for specific advice.

Key Principles

1

Ensure all animals are eating fodderbeet through transition phase

2

Gradually decrease amount of other feed as the amount of fodderbeet made allocated is increased

3

Ensure animals are fully fed before the daily allocation fodderbeet in the transition phase

4

Ensure adequate supply of Phosphorous (P) and Calcium (Ca), particularly for pregnant dairy cows

5

Vaccinate for clostridial diseases before grazing

Animal Health

Phosphorus

Phosphorous levels in fodderbeet are typically low and therefore special attention is required here. Phosphorous supplementation maybe required if the proportion of the leaf is less than 25 percent of the total dry matter of the plant and supplement quality is poor.

Clostridial diseases

Because of the relatively high sugar diet, clostridial diseases can be problematic on fodderbeet and for this reason young cattle, ewes and lambs should receive a clostridial vaccination before entry onto the crop.

Acidosis

Acidosis is the primary health concern related to feeding fodderbeet. All efforts must go into prevention management.

If animals suffer from mild acidosis, reduce their fodderbeet intake to 75% of their current allocation for 4 days before re-transitioning them. Acute cases of acidosis will cause a relatively quick death.

Dairy cattle

The process of transitioning dairy cows onto fodderbeet should be well managed and careful to avoid any critical mistakes.

It is important to start slowly with 1 – 2 kg dry matter per cow allocated per day and increasing allocation by 1 kg per cow per day.

Cows should be closely monitored to ensure all cows are eating fairly and to ensure all cows are moving through the transition process. Try to avoid some cows eating excessive quantities and other cows eating only minimal amounts.

Full transition should be achieved in 21 days and is noted when cows are fully fed and begin to leave beet behind.

It is of particular importance when feeding fodderbeet to pregnant cows that calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) are in adequate supply as fodderbeet will not supply enough. Some supplementation of these two minerals will most likely be required.

Mature beef

The process of transitioning beef cows onto fodderbeet should be well managed and careful to avoid any critical mistakes.

It is important to start slowly with 1 – 2 kg dry matter per animal allocated per day and increasing allocation by 1 kg per animal per day.

Animals should be closely monitored to ensure all are eating fairly and to ensure all animals are moving through the transition process. Try to avoid some animals eating excessive quantities and others eating only minimal amounts.

Full transition should be achieved in 21 days and is noted when animals are fully fed and begin to leave beet behind.

A well grown crop that has a good yield, including a healthy leaf canopy, should provide adequate energy and protein to grow a mature beef animal.

It is important to provide some roughage in the form of hay of straw for dietary fibre

Young cattle (beef or dairy)

Acidosis is less of a problem with younger cattle tend to adapt to fodderbeet slower than older animals. Sometimes it can be necessary to break the bulbs with a tractor to introduce the animals and allow them to get a ‘taste’ for the beet. Nevertheless, careful management is required to ensure good intakes and a successful transition.

Begin with allocating 0.5kg dry matter per animal. Every second day increase the allocation by 0.5 kg dry matter. Decrease the amount of supplement available by the same amount.

For young cattle, the quantity of protein supplied by even an well grown crop, is unlikely to be adequate. Therefore a high quality supplement such as lucerne hay or silage or grazed pasture should used.

Sheep

Compared to cattle, the transition of sheep is straight forward as they are less prone to suffer from rumen acidosis, mainly because they regulate their intakes better.

Lambs, as for hogget’s and ewes, require access to fodderbeet for around 2 hours per day for 3 – 4 days after which they can then be shut on the fodderbeet crop and shifted in 1 or 2 day shifts.

Want to know more? Get in touch

Simon Witheford
Simon Witheford
Country Manager NZ
Tel.: 022 471 5582
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